Hukuncin Zakka Da Sharaddnta da Sharuddan Wajabcinta
Bayanin mene ne Zakka
Ma’anar Zakka A Shari’a
Wani kaso ne na kudi da aka iyakance, wanda ake fitar da shi a wani lokaci sananne, a ba wasu mutane iyakantattu.
Matsayin Zakka
Zakka farillace daga cikin farillan addinin musulunci, kuma ita ce rukuni na uku daga rukunan musulunci. Allah ya ce, “Ku tsayar da salla ku ba da zakka” (Annur : 56).
Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “An gina musulunci a bisa abubuwa biyar, shaidawa babu abin bautawa bisa cancanta sai Allah, kuma Muhammad bawansa ne Manzonsa ne. Da tsaida sallah, da ba da zakka, da ziyartar xakin Allah, da azumin watan Ramadan” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi]
Hukuncin Wanda Ya Hana Zakka
Wanda ya hana zakka zai iya zama ya hana ne don bai yarda da ita ba, ko kuma saboda rowa.
1 – Wanda Ya Hana Zakka Saboda Bai Yarda Da Ita Ba
Duk wanda ya musunta wajabcin zakka alhali ya san wajibi ce, to ya zama kafiri, da ijma’in malamai, saboda ya qaryata Allah da Manzonsa.
Sayyidina Abubakar ya yaqi wanxanda suka qi ba da zakka, ya ce, “Wallahi sai na yaqi wanda ya raba tsakanin sallah da zakka (wato ya yarda zai yi sallah, amma ya ce, ba zai ba da zakka ba) saboda zakka haqqin dukiya ne, ya ce, wallahi da za su hana ni dabaibayi wanda suke bawa Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) da na yaqe su a kansa” [Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi].
2 – Wanda Ya Hana Zakka Saboda Rowa
Wanda ya hana zakka saboda rowa, za a yi mata tilas a karva, amma bai zama kafiri ba, sai dai ya yi laifi babba, ya yi zunubi mai girma.
Saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) kan wanda ya hana zakka, ya ce, “Babu wani ma’abocin zinare ko azurfa wanda ba ya bayar da haqqisu face sai ya kasance ranar alqiyama an mayar da su alluna na wuta, a gasa su a wutar Jahannama, sannan akan goshinsa da bayansa da gefensa da su, duk lokacin da suka yi sanyi sai a sake gasa masa su, a cikin wani yini tsawonsa shekara dubu hamsin, har sai an yi hukunci tsakanin bayi, sai ya ga hanyarsa, ko dai zuwa Aljannah, ko kuma zuwa Wuta” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi]
Idan ya fito yaqi don hana zakka, to sai a yaqe shi, har ya ya miqa wuya ga umarnin Allah mai girma da buwaya, ya bayar da zakka. Saboda faxin Allah Maxaukakin Sarki “Idan sun tuba sun tsayar da sallah, sun ba da zakka to ku qyale su”. (Attauba : 5).
Da faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “An umarceni in yaqi mutane, har sai sun shaida babu abin bautawa da gaskiya sai Allah, kuma Muhammad Manzon Allah, su tsaida sallah, su bayar da zakka. Idan sun yi haka jininsu ya tsaru gare ni da dukiyoyinsu, sai da haqqin musulunci, hisabinsu kuma yana wurin Allah” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
Hikimar Wajabta Zakka
1 – Tsarkake zukata da wanke su daga rowa, da zunubai. Allah mai girma da buwaya ya ce, “Ka karvi zakka daga cikin dukiyarsu, ka tsarkake su ka wanke su da ita” (Attauba : 103).
2 – Tsarkake dukiya da havaka ta, da saukar albarka a cikinta, saboda faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Sadaka ba ta rage dukiya”[Muslim ne ya rawaito shi]
3 – Jarraba bawa cikin bin umarnin Allah, da gabatar da son Allah akan son dukiya.
4 – Taimakawa talakawa da biya musu buqata, abin da yake qara soyayya, kuma ya tabbatar da kyakkyawar zamantakewa tsakanin xaixaikun musulmi.
5 – Sabawa da bayarwa da ciyarwa a kan tafarkin Allah.
Falalar Zakka
1 – Sanadi ne na samun rahamar Allah. Allah mai girma da buwaya ya ce, “Rahamata ta yalwaci komai da komai, zan rubuta ta ga waxanda suke kiyaye dokokina suke ba da zakka” (Al-a’araf : 156).
2 – Sharaxi ne na samun taimakon Allah. Allah ya ce, “Allah yana taimakon wanda ya taimake shi, haqiqa Allah mai qarfi ne mabuwayi. Waxanda idan muka tabbatar da su a bayan qasa sai su tsaida sallah su bayar da zakka” (Al-hajj : 40 – 41).
3 – Sanadi ne na kankare zunubai. Annabi (r) ya ce, “Sadaka tana kankare zunubai kamar yadda ruwa yake kashe wuta”[Tirmizi ne ya rawaito shi].
Sharuddan Wajabcin Zakka
1 – Musulunci
Zakkar kafiri ba ta inganta ba, saboda Allah Maxaukakin Sarki ba ya karvar aikin kafirai
2 – ‘Yanci.
Ba ta wajaba a kan bawa, saboda dukiyarsa mallakar Ubangidansa ce.
3 – Mallakar Nisabi
Bayanin Nisabi
Nisabi shi ne:
Wani kaso ne na kuxi, wanda idan kuxi suka kai shi zakka ta wajaba a cikinsu
Sharuxxan Nisabi
A – Nisabin ya zama ya qaru a kan buqatar mai dukiyar, wadda ba zai iya wadatuwa daga barinta ba, kamar ci, tufafi, wurin zama, saboda zakka ta wajaba ne saboda tausayawa talakawa, don haka wajibi ne shi ma mai dukiyar ya zama ba ya buqata.
B – Nisabin ya zama mallakar mutum ne, mallaka cikakkiya, zakka ba ta wajaba a cikin dukiyar da ba mallakar wani mutum ba ce, kamar dukiyar da aka tara don gina masallaci, ko dukiyar da aka waqafinta don amfanin kowa da kowa, ko dukiyar qungiyoyin jin qai da ayyukan alheri.
4 – Zagayowar Shekara A kan Dukiyar
Shekara ana nufin:
Shekarar musulunci cikakkayi ta hijira.
Nisabi ya zama ya yi shekara guda a wurin wanda ya mallake shi, wata goma sha biyu. Sai dai wannan sharaxi na kewayowar shekara guda a kan nisabi ya taqaita ne a kan kuxi, da kayan kasuwanci, da dabbobin ni’ima.
Amma kayan gona da na marmari da ma’adinai da dukiyar da aka samu a qasa ba sharaxi ne sai shakara ta kewayo ba.
[covid-data]
